Position a rack in the center of the oven. Preheat oven to 425°F (218°C).
Line two muffin pans every other well with muffin liners. (This helps create taller muffins.) Set aside.
In a large mixing bowl, Whisk together the flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside. 3 cups (375 g) all-purpose flour 1 tablespoon baking powder ¼ teaspoon baking soda ½ teaspoon salt
In a small bowl, stir the blueberries together with one tablespoon of flour and set aside. This will help keep the blueberries from sinking to the bottom of the muffin cups. 2 cups fresh or frozen blueberries
In a second large mixing bowl whisk together the melted butter, oil, sugar, eggs, vanilla extract, and buttermilk. 5 Tablespoons (71 g) unsalted butter ⅓ cup (80 ml) neutral-tasting oil 1 cup (200 g) granulated sugar 2 large eggs 1 ⅓ cups (320 ml) buttermilk 2 teaspoons pure vanilla extract
Pour wet ingredients into dry ingredients and with a silicone spatula or wooden spoon stir together just until combined. Avoid overmixing. The batter will be thick. Fold in the blueberries.
Divide batter between each muffin cup, filling each muffin cup mounding slightly over the top. I like top each muffin with a few more blueberries and sprinkle on with coarse sugar.
Bake at 425°F for 5 minutes, then, keeping the muffins in the oven (do not open the oven door!), reduce the oven temperature to 350°F (177°C) and continue to bake for 15-20 minutes or until the tops are lightly golden brown and centers are set. Stick a toothpick in the center of a muffin to test for doneness. If it comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs the muffins are done.
Allow to cool for 10 minutes in pan before serving.