Combine dry ingredients. In a medium mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, cream of tartar, cinnamon, cardamom, allspice, cloves, and salt until evenly combined. Set aside.
Combine wet ingredients. In a large mixing bowl with an electric mixer, cream together butter, sugar, eggs and vanilla on medium-high speed until light and fluffy, about 2 minutes. You can use a hand mixer, or a stand mixer with a paddle attachment.
Add dry ingredients. With mixer on low, blend in the dry ingredients until evenly combined.
Chill the cookie dough. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and refrigerate for 1 hour. This dough is sticky so it’s best to chill the dough for at least 1 hour or you can leave to refrigerate up to overnight.
Preheat and prepare cookie sheets. Near the end of the chilling time, position a rack in the center of the oven and preheat oven to 400oF (205°C). Line two cookie sheets with parchment paper or silicone baking mat.
Make spiced sugar topping. Mix together the sugar and spices in a small bowl.
Shape and roll cookies. Using a 1-inch cookie scoop or a tablespoon scoop the cookies into 1 ½ inch balls and immediately drop the cookie balls into the cinnamon sugar mixture to coat. Place 2 inches apart on prepared baking sheets.
Bake and cool cookies. Bake in the preheated 400oF (205°C) oven 8-10 minutes, or until edges are browned, and tops are slightly puffy and set but not too hard. Remove from the oven and let cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes. Transfer to a wire cooling rack to cool completely.